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Listen to the lessons of the past and learn why Wayne County is steeped with historical significance. Our rich history is laden with stories of Tuscarora Indians, steam boats, Revolutionary skirmishes, and Civil War battles. The world’s longest railroad once ran through our county, and we are proud to be home to Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, home of the 4th Fighter Wing and the 916th Air Refueling Wing. |
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Civil War History
Goldsboro was an important railroad junction during the Civil War. Confederate troops were stationed here to guard the city and report for duty by rail. Hospitals were established and over 800 Confederate soldiers were buried in a mass grave at Willow Dale Cemetery. Breastworks were built to protect the city. Remains of these are still visible along Claiborne Street.
For information on the Civil War Trails, visit www.civilwartrails.org

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The Battle of Goldsborough Bridge: Foster’s Raid
In early December of 1862, Union General John Foster marched from New Bern with an army of 12,000 men to interrupt the Confederate supply chain by destroying the railroad bridge which crossed the Neuse River, three miles south of Goldsboro.
On December 17, Union troops attacked and pushed back a small force
of 2,000 Confederates, then burned the bridge and destroyed miles of
railroad tracks.
That afternoon Confederate forces attacked the rear of Foster’s army as it was leaving the field. They were repulsed by a heavy fire of musketry and artillery. The Confederates suffered over 150 casualties and Union losses
were under 100.
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African American History
In 1869, the Quakers offered to provide a free school for African American children, if the parents could furnish a building. The land where the School Street School is now located was purchased and the school opened. In 1882, Goldsboro Graded School assumed support of the school. Later, Goldsboro Normal and Classical Institute opened nearby to prepare African Americans for college and to teach school. In 1904, it merged with Fayetteville Normal, now Fayetteville State University.
In 1894, Reverend Clarence Dillard became principal of the school. He served for 30 years and was honored by having the school named for him. Professor H.V. Brown succeeded Rev. Dillard and was later inducted into the NC Education Hall of Fame.
In 1956, the school celebrated 30 years of accreditation and two years later, a national alumni association organization was chartered. Now called “Dillard/Goldsboro Alumni and Friends, Incorporated,” the group attracts thousands of visitors to Goldsboro each year for its annual reunion. The group has established a full service community facility, which includes the H.V. Brown Hall. The hall accommodates functions of 500 and is available as a venue for banquets, receptions, and other gatherings.
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General Baptist State Convention
The General Association of the Colored Baptist of North Carolina was formed on October 17, 1867 at Goldsboro’s First African Baptist Church, Goldsboro, North Carolina, to support the "Gospel ministry and to promote missions." A small band of free African-Americans, freedmen, ex-slaves, and white ministers from the Baptist State Convention met to better promote the work of evangelism. |
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Jewish History
Herman Weil arrived in America in 1858, followed by brothers, Henry and Solomon in the 1860s becoming part of the growing Jewish community. By the 1870s, the Weil brothers had become successful businessmen, involved in a multitude of financial and industrial ventures. Strong contributors to the cultural and educational life of the town, the brothers and their wives, Mina and Sarah, were leaders in public philanthropic activities. Solomon and Henry Weil donated the land, which would become Herman Park, to the City of Goldsboro on July 21, 1890 in honor of their brother, Herman. Lionel Weil, son of Solomon and Sarah Weil, donated 219 acres in 1945 to the State of North Carolina for a nature park, now known as Cliffs of the Neuse. Gertrude Weil, daughter of Henry and Mina, played an active role in the women’s suffrage movement of the 1920s and in a variety of progressive causes until her death in 1971. She is credited with founding the North Carolina League of Women Voters.
Temple Oheb Shalom was built in 1886 and was only the second Jewish house of worship in North Carolina. Local builder Milton Harding designed the two-story red brick synagogue in a Romanesque Revival style that remains virtually unchanged today. |
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The Union Occupation of Goldsboro
In 1865, Goldsborough was Union General Sherman’s destination on his march through the Carolinas. Three Union armies converged on Goldsborough and captured the city in March. Union hospitals were established, and the city was occupied for three weeks by over 100,000 Union soldiers.
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Seymour Johnson Air Force Base (SJAFB)
Home of the 4th Fighter Wing, which flies the F-15 E Strike Eagle jet, and the 916th Air Refueling Wing, which flies the KC-135R Stratotanker, the base has an intricate history within and around Goldsboro and Wayne County. First activated in 1942, the installation was named in honor of U.S. Navy Lt. Seymour A. Johnson, a Goldsboro native and test pilot, who was killed in a Maryland crash in March 1941. By 1944, the primary mission of the base was to train P-47 Thunderbolt pilots.
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Following World War II, the base was inactivated on May 31, 1946. In 1954, Goldsboro Mayor, Scott B. Berkely Sr., and a group of business leaders successfully lobbied to have the base reopened. A groundbreaking ceremony was conducted in 1955 and Seymour Johnson was reactivated in April 1956. The base officially reopened three months later on July 8. Two years later the storied 4th Fighter Group, then known as the 4th Fighter Day Wing, arrived at Seymour Johnson. |
In 2001, former Department of Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld named SJAFB the winner of the 2001 Commander-In-Chief’s Award for Installation Excellence. The award recognizes outstanding and innovative efforts of the people who operate and maintain U.S. military installations. As one of five recipients of this award, SJAFB was selected for its exemplary support of the Department of Defense mission and received $1.1 million in base improvements.
For more information, call Public Affairs at (919) 722-0027.
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National Register of Historic Places
Charles B. Aycock Birthplace Site (Fremont) 02/26/70
Barnes-Hooks Farms (Fremont) 09/01/95
Eureka United Methodist Church (Eureka) 08/26/82
First Presbyterian Church (Goldsboro) 05/29/79
L.D. Giddens and Son Jewelry Store (Goldsboro) 03/19/79
Goldsboro Union Station (Goldsboro) 04/13/77
Harry Fitzhugh Lee House (Goldsboro) 03/01/84
Former Mount Olive High School (Mount Olive) 10/22/98
Mount Olive Historic District (Mount Olive) 05/27/99
Odd Fellows Lodge (Goldsboro) 08/03/78
Perry-Cherry House (Mount Olive) 03/13/80
Southerland-Burnette House (Mount Olive) 02/08/88
Former United States Post Office (Mount Olive) 06/02/95
Soloman and Henry Weil Houses (Goldsboro) 12/22/76
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